A comprehensive study done at the University of Oxford found no significant link between internet or social media use and negative mental health outcomes across any age or gender group, including teen girls, despite widespread public concern and media narratives suggesting otherwise. Analyzing data from millions of people across over 200 countries and nearly two decades, the researchers found no consistent patterns of harm.
An article produced by the APA argues the negative implications of social media stem from an adolescent's personal characteristics, such as self-regulation, maturity level, and comprehension of risk skills. The article continues to say that because of these characteristic features, it's hard to have a definitive age for when social media can become harmful to certain groups, but that it can be harmful. Social media can influence certain individuals' minds by promoting ideologies supporting racism, harmful body images, age inappropriate behaviors, and more. These influences are not fixed to one age or gender category, rather a risk anyone of any category can run into while using the internet as a whole.
Recent Pew Research Center data supports the findings from the APA that there is no clear consensus on the impact social media has on teens' mental health. About half of teens say social media negatively affects their peers, though “only 14% feel it harms them personally”. Girls are more likely than boys to report negative impacts on mental health, but also report the positive implications associated with it, such as better connections and communication, creative outlets, and access to support systems.
According to the Virginia Mental Health Access Program, the use of social media can have greater harmful effects on adolescence than it can on adults due to the way younger minds process received information. Because kids are more susceptible to forming their self-worth, discovering who they are, and creating their core values due to their young age and developing minds, social media can impact this development by fostering obsessive social pressures and external opinions. The article continues to say that “social media isn’t just designed to be addictive- it actually is”. The neverending quick releases of dopamine, infinite scrolling on apps like tiktok and instagram, all flood our brains' reward center. This flooding creates an addiction impact similar to someone struggling with substance abuse or gambling.
https://www.apa.org/topics/social-media-internet/health-advisory-adolescent-social-media-use
https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2025/04/22/teens-social-media-and-mental-health/
https://vmap.org/2025/02/26/is-social-media-harmful-for-teen-mental-health/