Tariffs are taxes placed on imported goods, meant to make foreign products more expensive and encourage consumers to buy domestic alternatives. While they can help protect local industries, they also raise prices for consumers and increase costs for businesses that rely on imports. In 2025, the U.S. imposed a 10% universal tariff and a 145% tariff on Chinese imports, which has caused significant market volatility. Stock indices like the S&P 500 and Nasdaq have dropped sharply due to investor concerns about rising costs, shrinking corporate profits, and economic uncertainty. These tariffs have also raised fears of inflation, as companies may pass on higher costs to consumers, which could complicate Federal Reserve policy decisions. Overall, although tariffs are intended to strengthen domestic production, they have triggered broad financial repercussions that are currently shaking up the stock market.