The idea that "the human brain uses only 10% of its capacity" is indeed an unfounded narrative that has been disproven by scientists who study the brain. The claim implies that 90% of the brain is asleep or abandoned and that human mental powers and abilities can win several times due to the stillness of the brilliant. Ultimately, technological advancements have brought us fMRI and other PET-type scans, have shown us that almost every area of the brain is active in some manner, including when a person is "at rest" or engaging in simple and mundane tasks. Regions of the brain are always engaged in one function or another like side commands, motion, sensory experiences, or even higher level functions like memories and reasoning, working somehow and together for that same purpose.
The 10% claim has likely continued to thrive in the collective consciousness because of uncertainty and speculation surrounding the early foundational neurological reflections. While neuroanatomists were studying the human brain, during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, for the first time, exploring through different levels of understanding which part of the brain performed which part of human function, only a few understand now from the slight difference in referencing the brain watching the active brain regions, it should be noted that to some logical extent (at that time) they (the scientists) speculated, there is no human brain region that is "silent" or abandoned functionality. The 10% claim spread through popular media, self-help, and motivational speakers, leading to a misunderstanding that stemmed from public's failure to understand inferences with such, humanities entire brains when are at work, also made sense that we don't engage all regions of our brain repairing up to active potential; down modeling the biggest and brightest to a small suppressible other. That said, the human brain does use energy through efficiency, engages regions of it all for ultimately the functional task we attempt to achieve or process, but is limitlessly functional when we do the work.