Nolen clearly lays out in the article how malaria has caused high death rates among children in Uganda due to mosquito transmission. She then explains how a study was conducted involving two groups of mothers with young children.
One group was given regular cloth to wrap their children in, while the other group was provided fabric treated with permethrin, a mosquito repellent. 34% of children in the group without treated fabric contracted malaria, whereas only 16% in the group with the treated fabric ended up contracting the disease.