The claim that “people of color are generally not as intelligent as Whites” is not supported by credible scientific evidence. While it is true that standardized test score differences between racial groups have been observed, both of the sources you provided make it clear that these differences do not reflect innate or biological differences in intelligence.
The first article, titled "Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns", was published in the journal Intelligence in 2002 and summarizes findings from an American Psychological Association task force. It reports that Black Americans score about 15 points lower on average than White Americans on standardized IQ tests. However, the article clearly states that the causes of this gap are unknown and cannot be explained by any single factor. Most importantly, the report explicitly rejects the idea that these test score differences are evidence of genetic or racial differences in intellectual ability. It emphasizes that score differences among groups do not prove differences in intelligence potential and cautions against drawing simplistic or racially based conclusions.
The second article, titled “The Black-White Test Score Gap: Why It Persists and What Can Be Done” and published by the Brookings Institution, supports this perspective. It explains that test score gaps reflect differences in opportunity, not differences in natural ability. The article states that Black and White children are born with the same capacity for learning, but inequalities in access to quality education, economic resources, school funding, and experienced teachers create disparities in academic achievement. It also highlights educational strategies, such as early childhood programs and summer learning initiatives, that have been shown to help reduce the gap. These findings further demonstrate that the differences are shaped by external factors, not by race or biology.
Overall, both articles agree that intelligence differences between racial groups are not biologically determined. Instead, the observed differences in test scores are linked to systemic inequalities in education and social conditions. The scientific evidence shows that intelligence is influenced by environment and opportunity, not by race.
Sources:
Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns (ScienceDirect)
The Black-White Test Score Gap: Why It Persists and What Can Be Done (Brookings)