To quote the reference article itself (or more specifically, to quote Phyllis Medina, PhD) “folks respond to music differently”. I am so so glad that I got to see this claim because this article was fascinating! This being said, Texas A&M University’s newspaper interviewed their very own Professor Brian Anderson (a psychology professor researching affective science and cognition), and he’s quoted saying “‘multitasking is a fallacy… so when you’re doing two things at the same time, like studying and listening to music, and one of the things requires more cognitive effort, there will be a cost to how much information you can retain doing both things”. So, to that effect, music can become more of a distraction than an aid for studying. Yet, I’d like to point out that the cited article acknowledges that music can be a distraction too (“‘even calm music is a distraction if it is too loud’ says Medina”). It’s more nuanced.
John Hopkins affirms that “research has shown that listening to music can reduce anxiety, blood pressure, and pain as well as improve sleep quality, mood, mental alertness, and memory.” Meanwhile, the NIH asserts that “excessive worry, intrusive thoughts, and impaired focus accompanied by anxiety leave youth at risk of lower academic scores.”
So, with all that information, I’d propose that the claim “music helps you study” is false… and yet music can certainly can help you study, when used appropriately and depending on the individual.
https://liberalarts.tamu.edu/blog/2021/03/10/does-listening-to-music-really-help-you-study/
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/keep-your-brain-young-with-music
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9524334/
https://www.umgc.edu/blog/how-music-can-help-you-study (the source)