In the article linked, Kevin M. Kieffer, a psychologist at St. Leo University, claimed that he found “children exposed to virtual bloodshed showed greater ‘short term’ increases in hostility towards peers and authority figures than those exposed to benign games”. This claim however only addresses short bursts of hostile behavior, but does not suggest any violent action as a result. This article also highlights the fact that in a separate study, it was concluded that “violent video games have no ‘long term’ or permanent, effects on aggressive behavior”. This headline is misleading because short term effects can be just high cortisol levels or emotion built up from high intense situations, but there is nothing to be concerned about with short term effects. This article does not imply more alarming series of events to occur like the increased likelihood of shootings or violence, therefore there is not much significance to this study. The short term effects of video games is about as equal to the intense feelings of adrenaline one would get from watching or playing sports.